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PRX Quantum - May 2023

PRX Quantum

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Volume 4, Issue 2 (partial)

April - June 2023
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Perspective
Quantum Science and the Search for Axion Dark Matter
Alexander O. Sushkov
PRX Quantum 4, 020101 (2023) – Published 22 May 2023

In the quest for solving the dark-matter puzzle, quantum engineering strategies for improving detection sensitivity are discussed.

Few-Body Analog Quantum Simulation with Rydberg-Dressed Atoms in Optical Lattices
Daniel Malz and J. Ignacio Cirac
PRX Quantum 4, 020301 (2023) – Published 3 April 2023

A proposal based on state-of-the-art quantum simulators shows how to explore long-range interactions so that central phenomena of quantum chemistry can be qualitatively investigated.

Accelerated Weak Signal Search Using Mode Entanglement and State Swapping
Y. Jiang, E.P. Ruddy, K.O. Quinlan, M. Malnou, N.E. Frattini, and K.W. Lehnert
PRX Quantum 4, 020302 (2023) – Published 6 April 2023

A quantum-enhanced sensing technique based on two cavities coupled via a Josephson ring modulator is developed to substantially accelerate a detection scan rate, ultimately boosting significantly the search of axions.

Logical Blocks for Fault-Tolerant Topological Quantum Computation
Héctor Bombín, Chris Dawson, Ryan V. Mishmash, Naomi Nickerson, Fernando Pastawski, and Sam Roberts
PRX Quantum 4, 020303 (2023) – Published 7 April 2023

A comprehensive and platform-independent framework for universal fault-tolerant logic is presented, enabling mapping from an abstract description of the logical gate to a precise set of physical instructions.

Density-Matrix Renormalization Group Algorithm for Simulating Quantum Circuits with a Finite Fidelity
Thomas Ayral, Thibaud Louvet, Yiqing Zhou, Cyprien Lambert, E. Miles Stoudenmire, and Xavier Waintal
PRX Quantum 4, 020304 (2023) – Published 10 April 2023

An algorithm to simulate NISQ quantum circuits that uses iteratively compressed tensor networks leads to impressive capabilities and rivals experimental demonstrations of "quantum supremacy."

Blueprint of a Scalable Spin Qubit Shuttle Device for Coherent Mid-Range Qubit Transfer in Disordered Si/SiGe/SiO2
Veit Langrock, Jan A. Krzywda, Niels Focke, Inga Seidler, Lars R. Schreiber, and Łukasz Cywiński
PRX Quantum 4, 020305 (2023) – Published 11 April 2023

Protocols for connecting qubits based on electrons in silicon quantum dots are proposed, highlighting opportunities and challenges for the implementation of coherent electron shuttling.

Realization of a Multi-Output Quantum Pulse Gate for Decoding High-Dimensional Temporal Modes of Single-Photon States
Laura Serino, Jano Gil-Lopez, Michael Stefszky, Raimund Ricken, Christof Eigner, Benjamin Brecht, and Christine Silberhorn
PRX Quantum 4, 020306 (2023) – Published 12 April 2023

A new method to decode high-dimensional information imprinted on temporal modes is introduced and experimentally demonstrated.

Effective-Hamiltonian Theory of Open Quantum Systems at Strong Coupling
Nicholas Anto-Sztrikacs, Ahsan Nazir, and Dvira Segal
PRX Quantum 4, 020307 (2023) – Published 13 April 2023

A new technique for open quantum dynamics, combining reaction coordinate mappings and the polaron transform, allows for efficient description of strong system-bath couplings, opening the way for novel applications in nanoscale transport and thermodynamics.

Memory and Transduction Prospects for Silicon T Center Devices
Daniel B. Higginbottom, Faezeh Kimiaee Asadi, Camille Chartrand, Jia-Wei Ji, Laurent Bergeron, Michael L.W. Thewalt, Christoph Simon, and Stephanie Simmons
PRX Quantum 4, 020308 (2023) – Published 17 April 2023

Proof-of-principle measurements inform quantum memory and transduction protocols for T center ensembles.

Extending the Laws of Thermodynamics for Arbitrary Autonomous Quantum Systems
Cyril Elouard and Camille Lombard Latune
PRX Quantum 4, 020309 (2023) – Published 18 April 2023

Energy exchanges between arbitrary quantum systems are shown to obey thermodynamic laws, opening the way for the characterization of autonomous thermal devices at the microscale fueled by quantum, nonideal energy sources.

Sampling Complexity of Open Quantum Systems
I.A. Aloisio, G.A.L. White, C.D. Hill, and K. Modi
PRX Quantum 4, 020310 (2023) – Published 19 April 2023

The investigation of open quantum systems from a complexity-theoretic perspective is possible under the lens of a multitime sampling problem.

Witnessing Nonclassicality in a Causal Structure with Three Observable Variables
Pedro Lauand, Davide Poderini, Ranieri Nery, George Moreno, Lucas Pollyceno, Rafael Rabelo, and Rafael Chaves
PRX Quantum 4, 020311 (2023) – Published 20 April 2023

A new scenario for three observable causal structures is analyzed, going beyond Bell's model and providing novel insights into whether nonclassical correlations can arise from it.

Reminiscence of Classical Chaos in Driven Transmons
Joachim Cohen, Alexandru Petrescu, Ross Shillito, and Alexandre Blais
PRX Quantum 4, 020312 (2023) – Published 21 April 2023

Dispersive readout of a transmon's computational states is strongly impacted by unaccounted chaotic dynamics that are often present under regular experimental conditions.

Leveraging Small-Scale Quantum Computers with Unitarily Downfolded Hamiltonians
Renke Huang, Chenyang Li, and Francesco A. Evangelista
PRX Quantum 4, 020313 (2023) – Published 24 April 2023

A quantum unitary downfolding formalism that works on noisy and fault-tolerant hardware is proposed and tested on several challenging chemical problems, offering a viable approach for estimating molecular properties with chemical accuracy.

Phase-Space Geometry and Optimal State Preparation in Quantum Metrology with Collective Spins
Manuel H. Muñoz-Arias, Ivan H. Deutsch, and Pablo M. Poggi
PRX Quantum 4, 020314 (2023) – Published 25 April 2023

A unified description is presented that allows the optimal state preparation of collective spin systems for quantum metrology based on the spins' semiclassical dynamics.

Deterministic Constant-Depth Preparation of the AKLT State on a Quantum Processor Using Fusion Measurements
Kevin C. Smith, Eleanor Crane, Nathan Wiebe, and S.M. Girvin
PRX Quantum 4, 020315 (2023) – Published 26 April 2023

A class of symmetry-protected topological states relevant for measurement-based quantum computation is shown to be constructible using only constant-depth quantum circuits by leveraging symmetries, midcircuit measurements, and feed forward.

Quantum Tomography of Rydberg Atom Graphs by Configurable Ancillas
Kangheun Kim and Jaewook Ahn
PRX Quantum 4, 020316 (2023) – Published 27 April 2023

A quantum state tomography method with continuously tunable measurement operators is experimentally explored, showing reliable high-fidelity full quantum state reconstruction of Rydberg atom arrays.

Editors' Suggestion
Controlling Two-Dimensional Coulomb Crystals of More Than 100 Ions in a Monolithic Radio-Frequency Trap
Dominik Kiesenhofer, Helene Hainzer, Artem Zhdanov, Philip C. Holz, Matthias Bock, Tuomas Ollikainen, and Christian F. Roos
PRX Quantum 4, 020317 (2023) – Published 28 April 2023

Stationary, 2D ion crystals of more than 100 ions are carefully characterized and cooled to near the ground state, paving the way for new quantum simulations with long-range interactions.

Experimental Observation of Thermalization with Noncommuting Charges
Florian Kranzl, Aleksander Lasek, Manoj K. Joshi, Amir Kalev, Rainer Blatt, Christian F. Roos, and Nicole Yunger Halpern
PRX Quantum 4, 020318 (2023) – Published 28 April 2023

Thermodynamics of noncommuting charges is experimentally probed using a trapped-ion simulator, demonstrating the thermalization of a many-body system to a non-Abelian thermal state.

Experimental Realization and Characterization of Stabilized Pair-Coherent States
Jeffrey M. Gertler, Sean van Geldern, Shruti Shirol, Liang Jiang, and Chen Wang
PRX Quantum 4, 020319 (2023) – Published 2 May 2023

The tools to prepare and characterize multimode bosonic states is expanded, allowing the experimental demonstration of pair-coherent states on superconducting cavities—a step closer to the pair-cat code.

Noninteractive xor Quantum Oblivious Transfer: Optimal Protocols and Their Experimental Implementations
Lara Stroh, Nikola Horová, Robert Stárek, Ittoop V. Puthoor, Michal Mičuda, Miloslav Dušek, and Erika Andersson
PRX Quantum 4, 020320 (2023) – Published 4 May 2023

An xᴏʀ oblivious transfer protocol for quantum communication is characterized in detail, including determining all cheating probabilities and a proof-of-principle experimental implementation.

Quantum Low-Density Parity-Check Codes for Modular Architectures
Armands Strikis and Lucas Berent
PRX Quantum 4, 020321 (2023) – Published 5 May 2023

A recipe on how to construct quantum error-correcting codes that are tailored to the connectivity constraints of modular architectures is presented.

Observing Spin-Squeezed States under Spin-Exchange Collisions for a Second
Meng-Zi Huang, Jose Alberto de la Paz, Tommaso Mazzoni, Konstantin Ott, Peter Rosenbusch, Alice Sinatra, Carlos L. Garrido Alzar, and Jakob Reichel
PRX Quantum 4, 020322 (2023) – Published 8 May 2023

The time evolution of spin-squeezed hyperfine clock states is observed on previously inaccessible timescales, opening a pathway to entanglement-enhanced atomic clocks.

Complexity of Implementing Trotter Steps
Guang Hao Low, Yuan Su, Yu Tong, and Minh C. Tran
PRX Quantum 4, 020323 (2023) – Published 9 May 2023

Structured Trotter steps enable faster quantum simulation.

Characterizing Entanglement Dimensionality from Randomized Measurements
Shuheng Liu, Qiongyi He, Marcus Huber, Otfried Gühne, and Giuseppe Vitagliano
PRX Quantum 4, 020324 (2023) – Published 10 May 2023

The dimensionality of entanglement is probed using properties of the correlation matrix in randomized measurements, a method that works without a common reference frame and with arbitrary dimensionality.

Probing the Geometry of Correlation Matrices with Randomized Measurements
Nikolai Wyderka and Andreas Ketterer
PRX Quantum 4, 020325 (2023) – Published 10 May 2023

Novel insights are obtained on randomized measurements, providing a connection between the geometry of correlation matrices and informationally complete measurements.

High Cooperativity Using a Confocal-Cavity–QED Microscope
Ronen M. Kroeze, Brendan P. Marsh, Kuan-Yu Lin, Jonathan Keeling, and Benjamin L. Lev
PRX Quantum 4, 020326 (2023) – Published 11 May 2023

A new cavity QED setup displays both high-cooperativity and high-resolution intracavity imaging thanks to multimode superposition.

Speeding Up Learning Quantum States Through Group Equivariant Convolutional Quantum Ansätze
Han Zheng, Zimu Li, Junyu Liu, Sergii Strelchuk, and Risi Kondor
PRX Quantum 4, 020327 (2023) – Published 15 May 2023

A framework to design non-Abelian group-equivariant quantum variational Ansätze as an example of extended permutational quantum computation is introduced.

Optimizing Graph Codes for Measurement-Based Loss Tolerance
Thomas J. Bell, Love A. Pettersson, and Stefano Paesani
PRX Quantum 4, 020328 (2023) – Published 17 May 2023

Tools to analyze the loss and error tolerance in general graph codes are developed and used to build optimization techniques, boosting the capabilities of photonic quantum technologies.

Engineering and Probing Non-Abelian Chiral Spin Liquids Using Periodically Driven Ultracold Atoms
Bo-Ye Sun, Nathan Goldman, Monika Aidelsburger, and Marin Bukov
PRX Quantum 4, 020329 (2023) – Published 19 May 2023

A proposal suggests that non-Abelian chiral spin liquids can be realized and probed in quantum simulators using Floquet engineering.

Ab Initio Derivation of Lattice-Gauge-Theory Dynamics for Cold Gases in Optical Lattices
Federica Maria Surace, Pierre Fromholz, Nelson Darkwah Oppong, Marcello Dalmonte, and Monika Aidelsburger
PRX Quantum 4, 020330 (2023) – Published 24 May 2023

A novel scheme for a scalable implementation of U(1) lattice gauge theories coupled to matter in one and two dimensions using alkaline-earth atoms in state-dependent optical lattices.

Even Shorter Quantum Circuit for Phase Estimation on Early Fault-Tolerant Quantum Computers with Applications to Ground-State Energy Estimation
Zhiyan Ding and Lin Lin
PRX Quantum 4, 020331 (2023) – Published 26 May 2023

An algorithm for performing phase-estimation tasks on early fault-tolerant quantum computers promises to reduce circuit depth by nearly 2 orders of magnitude.

Improved Single-Shot Decoding of Higher-Dimensional Hypergraph-Product Codes
Oscar Higgott and Nikolas P. Breuckmann
PRX Quantum 4, 020332 (2023) – Published 30 May 2023

The single-shot performance of higher-dimensional hypergraph product codes is studied, revealing strategies that greatly exceed all previously reported thresholds.

Quantum Simulation for High-Energy Physics
Christian W. Bauer et al.
PRX Quantum 4, 027001 (2023) – Published 3 May 2023

A detailed account on how quantum simulators and quantum computers can help explore the fundamental constituents of matter and energy, from the smallest to the largest structures in the Universe.

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