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Physical Review A - February 2023

Physical Review A

covering atomic, molecular, and optical physics and quantum information
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Volume 107, Issue 2

February 2023
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Highlights

Editors' Suggestion
Separability and entanglement in superpositions of quantum states
Saronath Halder and Ujjwal Sen
Phys. Rev. A 107, 022413 (2023) – Published 10 February 2023

In bipartite quantum systems, mixtures of entangled and product states are always entangled, but superpositions of the same states may not be. Here, the authors detail the conditions for separability of such superpositions and outline applications in local quantum state discrimination.

Editors' Suggestion
Measuring ultrafast time-bin qudits
Frédéric Bouchard, Kent Bonsma-Fisher, Khabat Heshami, Philip J. Bustard, Duncan England, and Benjamin Sussman
Phys. Rev. A 107, 022618 (2023) – Published 22 February 2023

Time-bin qudits, which are valued in quantum communication protocols for their efficiency and robustness, are made by encoding information into the relative arrival times of photons. However, their practicality has been limited due to the difficulty of the measurements needed to extract this information. Here, the authors demonstrate an effective experimental technique that uses active and passive optical elements to conduct single-shot measurements of ultrafast four-time-bin qudits.

Editors' Suggestion
Laser-induced Coulomb explosion imaging of alkali-metal dimers on helium nanodroplets
Henrik H. Kristensen, Lorenz Kranabetter, Constant A. Schouder, Jacqueline Arlt, Frank Jensen, and Henrik Stapelfeldt
Phys. Rev. A 107, 023104 (2023) – Published 6 February 2023

The authors use velocity-map imaging following Coulomb explosion of doubly ionized alkali homodimers on the surface of a helium nanodroplet to map out the distribution of internuclear distances in both the ground and lowest triplet state. They find that the distributions are generally broader than the internuclear wave function, which they attribute to resonance effects in the initial multiphoton ionization of the dimer and interaction of the ions with the He droplet.

Featured in Physics Editors' Suggestion
Optimal cooling of multiple levitated particles: Theory of far-field wavefront shaping
Jakob Hüpfl, Nicolas Bachelard, Markus Kaczvinszki, Michael Horodynski, Matthias Kühmayer, and Stefan Rotter
Phys. Rev. A 107, 023112 (2023) – Published 22 February 2023
Physics logo
Synopsis:Freezing Particle Motion with a Matrix

The authors introduce a method to cool down a set of levitated particles based on the spatial modulation of light in the far field, which applies to freely moving and trapped nano-objects, regardless of their geometries. This article provides a theoretical and numerical study of the expected cooling performance as well as the robustness of the method against environmental parameters.

Editors' Suggestion
Positronium density measurements using polaritonic effects
Erika Cortese, David B. Cassidy, and Simone De Liberato
Phys. Rev. A 107, 023306 (2023) – Published 10 February 2023

The authors develop a theoretical proposal for the formation of polaritons in a gas of positronium atoms and the real-time measurement of positronium densities in present-day experimental setups. The results could be an important step towards the achievement of positronium BEC.

Editors' Suggestion
Dark and bright modes, and their coherent control in dipolar metasurface bilayers
Saumya Choudhary, Robert W. Boyd, and J. E. Sipe
Phys. Rev. A 107, 023521 (2023) – Published 27 February 2023

The authors derive a semianalytical model describing the reflection and absorption spectra of dipolar bilayer metasurfaces, showing how radiative coupling between the layers can result in the formation of nonradiative dark modes which can contribute significantly to the optical response of the system. The ability to vary the reflection and absorption spectra of such bilayers by changing the material and geometrical parameters, and to selectively excite the modes by adjusting the phase between two counter-propagating normally incident fields, promises numerous applications.

Editors' Suggestion
Nonresonant coherent amplitude transfer in attosecond four-wave-mixing spectroscopy
James D. Gaynor, Ashley P. Fidler, Yuki Kobayashi, Yen-Cheng Lin, Clare L. Keenan, Daniel M. Neumark, and Stephen R. Leone
Phys. Rev. A 107, 023526 (2023) – Published 28 February 2023

The authors use attosecond four-wave-mixing spectroscopy to measure coherent superpositions of Rydberg states resulting from extreme ultraviolet excitation of a 3s electron in gas phase atomic argon to a series of autoionizing 3s-1np Rydberg states. The experimental observations are reproduced by electronic-structure and transition-moment calculations.

Editors' Suggestion
Collective atom-cavity coupling and nonlinear dynamics with atoms with multilevel ground states
Elmer Suarez, Federico Carollo, Igor Lesanovsky, Beatriz Olmos, Philippe W. Courteille, and Sebastian Slama
Phys. Rev. A 107, 023714 (2023) – Published 15 February 2023

Typically, physicists treat cold atoms in a cavity as simple two-level atoms. Here, the authors go beyond this approximation to show that adding more levels causes light-matter coupling to be time dependent and results in nonlinear behavior. They experimentally confirm these effects using laser-cooled rubidium.

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