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Wednesday, November 1, 2023

Physical Review X - October 2023

Physical Review X

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Volume 13, Issue 4 (partial)

October - December 2023
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Upcoming Physical Review Journal Club session
November 20 | 10:00 a.m. ET Tristan Clua-Provost, Aurore Finco, and Vincent Jacques (Université de Montpellier and CNRS) on the Physical Review Applied paper: "Magnetic Imaging with Spin Defects in Hexagonal Boron Nitride"

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Testing Quantum Theory by Generalizing Noncontextuality
Markus P. Müller and Andrew J. P. Garner
Phys. Rev. X 13, 041001 (2023) – Published 2 October 2023

An analysis of what kind of effective statistical behavior is plausible if physics is assumed to be fundamentally quantum sets the stage for more robust tests of the validity of quantum theory.

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Excess Noise and Photoinduced Effects in Highly Reflective Crystalline Mirror Coatings
Jialiang Yu, Sebastian Häfner, Thomas Legero, Sofia Herbers, Daniele Nicolodi, Chun Yu Ma, Fritz Riehle, Uwe Sterr, Dhruv Kedar, John M. Robinson, Eric Oelker, and Jun Ye
Phys. Rev. X 13, 041002 (2023) – Published 3 October 2023
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:Unexpected Noise in Next-Generation Mirror Material

A crystalline reflective coating being considered for future gravitational-wave detectors exhibits peculiar noise features at cryogenic temperatures.

Electrical Tuning of Terahertz Plasmonic Crystal Phases
P. Sai, V. V. Korotyeyev, M. Dub, M. Słowikowski, M. Filipiak, D. B. But, Yu. Ivonyak, M. Sakowicz, Yu. M. Lyaschuk, S. M. Kukhtaruk, G. Cywiński, and W. Knap
Phys. Rev. X 13, 041003 (2023) – Published 4 October 2023

The discovery of two distinct, electrically tunable phases in a semiconductor-based plasmonic crystal opens new paths to cost-effective, compact, controllable devices for terahertz optoelectronics.

Effective Dynamics of Generative Adversarial Networks
Steven Durr, Youssef Mroueh, Yuhai Tu, and Shenshen Wang
Phys. Rev. X 13, 041004 (2023) – Published 5 October 2023

A simplified model of a family of machine-learning architectures offers a way to explore a major form of training failure—mode collapse—that is not well understood.

Disentangling Losses in Tantalum Superconducting Circuits
Kevin D. Crowley, Russell A. McLellan, Aveek Dutta, Nana Shumiya, Alexander P. M. Place, Xuan Hoang Le, Youqi Gang, Trisha Madhavan, Matthew P. Bland, Ray Chang, Nishaad Khedkar, Yiming Cady Feng, Esha A. Umbarkar, Xin Gui, Lila V. H. Rodgers, Yichen Jia, Mayer M. Feldman, Stephen A. Lyon, Mingzhao Liu, Robert J. Cava, Andrew A. Houck, and Nathalie P. de Leon
Phys. Rev. X 13, 041005 (2023) – Published 6 October 2023

Tantalum-based superconducting qubits have shown great promise in extending qubit lifetimes. New systematic measurements identify the key sources of loss and noise in this material system.

Quantifying Rare Events in Stochastic Reaction-Diffusion Dynamics Using Tensor Networks
Schuyler B. Nicholson and Todd R. Gingrich
Phys. Rev. X 13, 041006 (2023) – Published 9 October 2023

A new methodology for calculating the rate at which a reaction-diffusion system switches between metastable macrostates provides a tool for understanding how macroscopic patterns arise from microscopic reactions.

Multiscale Lattice Relaxation in General Twisted Trilayer Graphenes
Naoto Nakatsuji, Takuto Kawakami, and Mikito Koshino
Phys. Rev. X 13, 041007 (2023) – Published 10 October 2023

A theoretical analysis of supermoiré structures in twisted trilayer graphene reveals novel physics, setting the stage for further exploration of such structures beyond the typical two-layer framework.

Temporal Entanglement in Chaotic Quantum Circuits
Alessandro Foligno, Tianci Zhou, and Bruno Bertini
Phys. Rev. X 13, 041008 (2023) – Published 11 October 2023

To simulate the action of an effective bath in a chaotic system of many quantum particles, one needs resources that grow exponentially in time.

Phonon Self-Energy Corrections: To Screen, or Not to Screen
Jan Berges, Nina Girotto, Tim Wehling, Nicola Marzari, and Samuel Poncé
Phys. Rev. X 13, 041009 (2023) – Published 17 October 2023

A quantitative comparison of controversial approaches to calculating the self-energy of phonons is made possible by downfolding the problem to effective low-energy systems.

Dispersed, Condensed, and Self-Limiting States of Geometrically Frustrated Assembly
Nicholas W. Hackney, Christopher Amey, and Gregory M. Grason
Phys. Rev. X 13, 041010 (2023) – Published 18 October 2023

Self-limiting states of frustrated assembly—in which thermodynamics limits the size of an assembling structure at large scales—can exist at finite temperature, a new minimal model suggests.

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Simple Reaction-Diffusion Modeling Predicts Inconspicuous Neighborhood-Dependent Color Subclustering of Lizard Scales
Szabolcs Zakany and Michel C. Milinkovitch
Phys. Rev. X 13, 041011 (2023) – Published 20 October 2023
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Synopsis:Model Reveals Reptilian Scale Pattern

Researchers have predicted—and confirmed—a secondary pattern on the ocellated lizard's scales that is too subtle for our eyes to see.

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Fabry-Pérot Interferometry at the ν=2/5 Fractional Quantum Hall State
J. Nakamura, S. Liang, G. C. Gardner, and M. J. Manfra
Phys. Rev. X 13, 041012 (2023) – Published 23 October 2023
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Viewpoint:Fractional Jumps in Quantum Hall Interferometer

Fabry-Perot interferometry can observe anyon behavior at complex fractional states—a key requirement for analyzing non-abelian states that are sought after for intrinsically fault-tolerant qubits.

High-Threshold Codes for Neutral-Atom Qubits with Biased Erasure Errors
Kaavya Sahay, Junlan Jin, Jahan Claes, Jeff D. Thompson, and Shruti Puri
Phys. Rev. X 13, 041013 (2023) – Published 24 October 2023

A new model of qubit noise that is motivated by neutral atom qubits leads to much higher rates of error correction in tailored error-correcting codes.

How Criticality Meets Bifurcation in Compressive Failure of Disordered Solids
Ashwij Mayya, Estelle Berthier, and Laurent Ponson
Phys. Rev. X 13, 041014 (2023) – Published 25 October 2023

Compression experiments of 2D cellular materials shed light on a long-standing debate on the nature of compressive failure and show how precursors to failure can be harnessed for assessing the mechanical health of a material.

Hotter is Easier: Unexpected Temperature Dependence of Spin Qubit Frequencies
Brennan Undseth, Oriol Pietx-Casas, Eline Raymenants, Mohammad Mehmandoost, Mateusz T. Mądzik, Stephan G. J. Philips, Sander L. de Snoo, David J. Michalak, Sergey V. Amitonov, Larysa Tryputen, Brian Paquelet Wuetz, Viviana Fezzi, Davide Degli Esposti, Amir Sammak, Giordano Scappucci, and Lieven M. K. Vandersypen
Phys. Rev. X 13, 041015 (2023) – Published 25 October 2023

Control signals can shift the frequency of spin-based qubits. New experiments show that this effect corresponds to a temperature increase and can be counterintuitively suppressed by operating at a higher temperature than normal.

Observation of a Prethermal U(1) Discrete Time Crystal
Andrew Stasiuk and Paola Cappellaro
Phys. Rev. X 13, 041016 (2023) – Published 26 October 2023

Observation of a time crystal—a periodically driven state that breaks time-translation symmetry—at room temperature bolsters the case for using the state as a near-term robust quantum memory.

Path Weight Sampling: Exact Monte Carlo Computation of the Mutual Information between Stochastic Trajectories
Manuel Reinhardt, Gašper Tkačik, and Pieter Rein ten Wolde
Phys. Rev. X 13, 041017 (2023) – Published 26 October 2023

The information transmission rate of a system can usually be calculated only approximately. A new Monte Carlo simulation scheme makes it possible, for the first time, to do so exactly for a large class of systems.

Bootstrapped Dimensional Crossover of a Spin Density Wave
Anjana M. Samarakoon, J. Strempfer, Junjie Zhang, Feng Ye, Yiming Qiu, J.-W. Kim, H. Zheng, S. Rosenkranz, M. R. Norman, J. F. Mitchell, and D. Phelan
Phys. Rev. X 13, 041018 (2023) – Published 27 October 2023

In a layered transition-metal oxide, 3D magnetic order emerges as two 2D magnetic sheets intertwine and irreversibly imprint a new metastable sublattice magnetization.

Fate of Time-Reversal Symmetry Breaking in UTe2
M. O. Ajeesh, M. Bordelon, C. Girod, S. Mishra, F. Ronning, E. D. Bauer, B. Maiorov, J. D. Thompson, P. F. S. Rosa, and S. M. Thomas
Phys. Rev. X 13, 041019 (2023) – Published 27 October 2023

Experiments on very clean crystals of the actinide superconductor UTe2 find no evidence of spontaneous time-reversal symmetry breaking that has been suggested in previous studies.

Tackling Sampling Noise in Physical Systems for Machine Learning Applications: Fundamental Limits and Eigentasks
Fangjun Hu, Gerasimos Angelatos, Saeed A. Khan, Marti Vives, Esin Türeci, Leon Bello, Graham E. Rowlands, Guilhem J. Ribeill, and Hakan E. Türeci
Phys. Rev. X 13, 041020 (2023) – Published 30 October 2023

A framework to quantify the computational capacity of arbitrary physical systems in the presence of sampling noise provides a tool for best harnessing them for machine learning.

Featured in Physics
Broadband Quantum Enhancement of the LIGO Detectors with Frequency-Dependent Squeezing
D. Ganapathy et al. (LIGO O4 Detector Collaboration)
Phys. Rev. X 13, 041021 (2023) – Published 30 October 2023
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:Quieting Noise in Gravitational-Wave Detectors

The LIGO experiment has demonstrated a noise-squeezing technique for its entire frequency-detection range—a feat that could boost the detection rate of black hole mergers by up to 65%.

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